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From the start of the current monkeypox outbreak in the U.S., a key question arose: Could prior smallpox vaccination prevent monkeypox? Routine smallpox vaccination was terminated in the U.S. in the early 1970s and worldwide in 1980.
In this case report, a previously healthy 34-year-old man who had sex with men presented with a 4-day history of malaise, fatigue, and headache and a 2-day history of painless penile lesions. The penile ulcers progressed to white papules over the next few days. Tests for common sexually transmitted infections were negative, and there was no history of HIV infection. He reported recent unprotected penetrative anal and receptive oral sex involving 13 to 14 contacts. He had received military-issued ACAM2000 smallpo…