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Short-course antibiotic therapy works as well as the traditional treatment duration for many types of infections. Noting the potential benefits of this approach, French investigators performed a noninferiority trial to assess whether stopping antibiotic treatment after 3 days was comparable to continuing for 8 days. A total of 706 patients were screened, yielding 310 participants (median age, 73) who had been admitted to non–critical care units for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and treated with β-lactam monotherapy to achieve clinical cure 15 days after starting antibiotics. Patients who were clinically stable at 3 days were randomized to receive either placebo or additional β-lactam treatment for 5 more days. Those with severe or comp…