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One third of children in the U.S. have bronchiolitis by age 2 years, and, among children younger than 6 months, the annual rate of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-related emergency department visits is 55 per 1000 children. In this review, the authors examined evidence from studies published after the 2006 American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) guidelines on the evaluation and treatment of bronchiolitis (JW Pediatr Adolesc Med Jan 10 2007).
The AAP guidelines were issued in response to evidence for standardizing care and reducing unnecessary radiographic and laboratory testing. Subsequent studies have solidified this recommendation, showing that routine chest radiography leads to inappropriate use of antibiotics. Recent studies of rapid vira…